The Al Nusrah Front objected to the “revolutionary covenant” announced by the Islamic Front and four other groups. The Al Nusrah Front and the Islamic Front battled regime forces in Deraa; Hama; Reef Dimashq; and Aleppo, where they were joined by Fajer Al Sham, Al Jabha Al Islamiyya, and Jaysh Al Mujahideen. The body of an Al Nusrah emir who had been kidnapped and killed was found in Aleppo. Al Nusrah and the Islamic Front clashed with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Sham in Deir Izzour. Regime airstrikes targeted an Al Nusrah office in Idlib.